Microtubule‐associated proteins, Bik1 and Bim1, are required for faithful partitioning of the endogenous 2 micron plasmids in budding yeast

Summary The 2 μ plasmid of budding yeast shows high mitotic stability similar to that of chromosomes by using its self‐encoded systems, namely partitioning and amplification. The partitioning system consists of the plasmid‐borne proteins Rep1, Rep2 and a cis‐acting locus STB that, along with several host factors, ensures efficient segregation of the plasmid. The plasmids show high stability as they presumably co‐segregate with chromosomes through utilization of various host factors. To acquire these host factors, the plasmids are thought to localize to a certain sub‐nuclear locale probably assisted by the motor protein, Kip1 and microtubules. Here, we show that the microtubule‐associated proteins Bik1 and Bim1 are also important host factors in this process, perhaps by acting as an adapter between the plasmid and the motor and thus helping to anchor the plasmid to microtubules. Abrogation of Kip1 recruitment at STB in the absence of Bik1 argues for its function at STB upstream of Kip1. Consistent with this, both Bik1 and Bim1 associate with plasmids without any assistance from the Rep proteins. As observed earlier with other host factors, lack of Bik1 or Bim1 also causes a cohesion defect between sister plasmids leading to plasmid missegregation. Microtubules and motor protein Kip1 play pivotal roles in the partitioning of the yeast 2 micron plasmid. To address how this plasmid acquires these host factors, we show that microtubule‐associated proteins (MAPs) Bik1 and Bim1 can serve as an adapter to link plasmid to the microtubules and the motor and are thus required for faithful partitioning.