Pay-Cloak: A Biometric Back Cover for Smartphones: Facilitating secure contactless payments and identity virtualization at low cost to end users

Continuous improvements in technology and quality of life have had a strong impact on the development of payment techniques. With the evolution of near-field communication (NFC) technology, contactless payment has received recent attention because of its short-range, conducive nature. As mobile computing made great leaps due to enormous development in the smartphone platform, companies like Google, Samsung, and Apple embedded NFC in smartphones to provide on-the-go payment capabilities, eliminating the need for payment cards. But due to interoperability and high cost, these technologies are not available to everyone.