Prophylactic levetiracetam for seizure control after cranioplasty: a multicenter prospective controlled study

Abstract Purpose To study the efficacy and safety of prophylactic levetiracetam (LEV) administration in adults undergoing cranioplasty. Methods Two hundred adults undergoing cranioplasty were prospectively enrolled and randomly divided into LEV group (prophylactic LEV for 24 weeks) and control group (no prophylactic anti-epileptic drugs). The patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics, occurrence of postoperative seizure, changes in intelligence quotient (IQ), memory quotient (MQ), and activities of daily living (ADL) scores, as well as postoperative hospital stay side effects, were all analyzed at 2-, 24-, and 48-week follow-up visits. Results Significant differences were found between the groups in both early-stage seizures in the initial 2 weeks and late-stage seizures in the 3-24 weeks after cranioplasty (p