The effect of 2D slope and valley on seismic site response

Evaluation of the ground response is one of the most common and important seismic geotechnical issues. Ground response analysis is used for predicting ground motions and response spectra and is developed to determine the dynamic stress and strain of soil. They are used for geotechnical risk assessment (types of instabilities) calculating the forces that can cause instability resulting from earthquakes and earth retaining structures. In this study, the effect of surface topography has been studied on seismic site response. The influence of different land surface geometries has been studied under real acceleration and earthquakes. Therefore, parameters such as the height and the angle of slope, the distance of earthquake fault, and the material properties have been selected for the seismic response evaluation. The results show that when the height and angle of slope increase, the maximum acceleration on the slope crest becomes greater than elsewhere on the surface for both stiff and soft soils. Moreover, the amplification factor always decreases when the maximum acceleration of the input motion record increases.