Optimization of municipal solid waste transportation by integrating GIS analysis, equation-based, and agent-based model

•The agent-base model allows examining the impact of traffic network on the MSW transportation.•The integration of GIS, Equation-based, and ABM is better than individual one in the dynamic context.•In application at Hagiang City, the total distance of each garbage truck in a day is reduced by 11.3%. The amount of municipal solid waste (MSW) has been increasing steadily over the last decade by reason of population rising and waste generation rate. In most of the urban areas, disposal sites are usually located outside of the urban areas due to the scarcity of land. There is no fixed route map for transportation. The current waste collection and transportation are already overloaded arising from the lack of facilities and insufficient resources. In this paper, a model for optimizing municipal solid waste collection will be proposed. Firstly, the optimized plan is developed in a static context, and then it is integrated into a dynamic context using multi-agent based modelling and simulation. A case study related to Hagiang City, Vietnam, is presented to show the efficiency of the proposed model. From the optimized results, it has been found that the cost of the MSW collection is reduced by 11.3%.