Effect of Temperature on Oviposition Behavior, Fecundity, and Fertility in Two Northern European Populations of the Codling Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

The influence of temperature on oviposition behavior, adult longevity, and fecundity on two Norwegian populations of the codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), was investigated within the range of 12.3-25 degree C. In addition, lower threshold temperatures (T 0 ) and degree-day (DD) requirements for three egg developmental stages are given. The results showed that the Norwegian populations of C. pomonella lay eggs at lower temperatures than reported previously from other countries. Eggs were deposited in approximately 40% of the containers at an average temperature of 12.3 degree C. However, below 15 degree C,