MicroRNAs as novel targets and tools in cancer therapy

Highlights • MicroRNAs are both relevant molecular targets and therapeutic targets in cancer. • Diverse synthetic antagonists have been developed and can be used to target miRNAs in vivo. • The delivery of miRNA mimics and inhibitors to specific organs is still a therapeutic challenge. • A liposome-based miR-34 mimic (MRX34), is the first cancer-targeted microRNA drug to enter Phase I clinical trials in human patients.