Chromium distribution in an Amazonian river exposed to tannery effluent

This study aims to evaluate the Cr concentrations in surface water, suspended particles, and bottom sediments exposed to tannery effluent releases in the Candeias River. Cr concentrations were compared in relation to environmental thresholds imposed by United States Environmental Protection Agency (...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Environmental science and pollution research international 2016-11, Vol.23 (21), p.22019-22026
Hauptverfasser:	de Sousa, Eduardo Araujo, Luz, Cleber Calado, de Carvalho, Dario Pires, Dorea, Caetano Chang, de Holanda, Igor Bruno Barbosa, Manzatto, Ângelo Gilberto, Bastos, Wanderley Rodrigues
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Aquatic Pollution Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Atomic absorption spectroscopy Bottom sediments Brazil Cellulose acetate Chromium Chromium - analysis Contaminated sediments Creeks & streams Dry season Earth and Environmental Science Ecotoxicology Effluents Environment Environmental Chemistry Environmental Health Environmental impact Environmental Monitoring Environmental protection Environmental science Floods Geologic Sediments - analysis Industrial Waste - analysis Laboratories Leaching Livestock Particulate Matter - analysis Polyethylene Research Article River beds Rivers Rivers - chemistry Seasons Sediments Spectral analysis Spectrometry Spectrophotometry, Atomic Studies Surface water Tannery wastes Tanning Waste Water Technology Water analysis Water Management Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis Water Pollution Control
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:	This study aims to evaluate the Cr concentrations in surface water, suspended particles, and bottom sediments exposed to tannery effluent releases in the Candeias River. Cr concentrations were compared in relation to environmental thresholds imposed by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and the Brazilian Environmental Council (CONAMA), and the geoaccumulation index (Igeo) was calculated in bottom sediment. Samples were collected in flood and dry seasons. Cr extraction was done by an acid extraction and quantified by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Most samples were found to be below the environmental thresholds imposed by CONAMA and USEPA, except in the one from the discharge zone sampled during the dry season, showing values 1.5 and 6.1 higher than CONAMA in water and bottom sediment, respectively. Cr concentrations were significantly higher ( P
ISSN:	0944-1344 1614-7499
DOI:	10.1007/s11356-016-7443-1