Fishing Port Facilities' Countermeasures for Earthquakes and Tsunamis based on the Great East Japan Earthquake

Based on lessons from the Great East Japan Earthquake disaster, the countermeasures of fishing port facilities against earthquakes and tsunamis have been carried out selectively, depending on the outbreak frequency and the scale, furthermore in consideration of the role of the fishing port and the function of fishing port facility. The essential points of countermeasures of fishing port facilities against earthquakes and tsunamis are as follows. 1) The Fisheries Agency have ranked countermeasures against earthquakes and tsunamis as main policy, have showed basic direction of countermeasures to fishing port management bodies, have actively promoted countermeasures of fishing port facilities against earthquakes and tsunamis. 2) The fishing port facilities were not completely destroyed by the tsunami attack that is stronger than the design external force even if damaged, and were requested to be "robust and tenacious structure" to somehow keep its function until leading to complete destruction. 3) It is very important to examine countermeasures such as the multiple-protection that combined embankments with breakwaters for disaster prevention or disaster reduction in fisheries area.