Fatal aorto-esophageal fistula due to accidental ingestion of button battery. Algorithm for management of disk-battery ingestion in patients younger than 6 years old

The ingestion of disc battery is a common problem in children and current treatment may be sometime inadequate. Ingested button batteries have the potential to cause significant morbidity and mortality. Ingestion of button batteries has been seen with increasing frequency over the last decade, particularly for children aged younger than 6 years. If most cases of disc battery ingestion run uneventful courses, however, harmful outcomes are more common with ingestion of lithium batteries (3V) with a diameter greater than or equal to 16 mm. These young children have to benefit from a chest radiograph within 2hours which follow the ingestion. If the battery impacts in the esophagus, emergency endoscopic management is necessary. We report the case of one young child died followed an unknown lithium disk-battery ingestion complicated with an aorto-œsophageal fistula. We propose a protocol of specific coverage for patients aged younger than 6 years old.