Heterogeneity of Rotavirus Vaccine Efficacy Among Infants in Developing Countries
BACKGROUND:Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe diarrhea worldwide in young children. Although rotavirus vaccine efficacy is high in developed countries, efficacy is lower in developing countries. Here, we investigated heterogeneity of rotavirus vaccine efficacy by infant characteristics in deve...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Pediatric infectious disease journal 2017-01, Vol.36 (1), p.72-78 |
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| creator | Gruber, Joann F Hille, Darcy A Liu, G Frank Kaplan, Susan S Nelson, Micki Goveia, Michelle G Mast, T Christopher |
| description | BACKGROUND:Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe diarrhea worldwide in young children. Although rotavirus vaccine efficacy is high in developed countries, efficacy is lower in developing countries. Here, we investigated heterogeneity of rotavirus vaccine efficacy by infant characteristics in developing countries.
METHODS:An exploratory, post hoc analysis was conducted using randomized controlled trial data of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) conducted in Africa and Asia (NCT00362648). Infants received either 3 doses of vaccine/placebo and were followed for up to 2 years. Within subgroups, vaccine efficacies and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) against rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) were estimated using Poisson regression. We assessed heterogeneity of efficacy by age at first dose, gender, breastfeeding status and nutrition status.
RESULTS:African children receiving the first dose at |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1097/INF.0000000000001362 |
| format | Article |
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METHODS:An exploratory, post hoc analysis was conducted using randomized controlled trial data of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) conducted in Africa and Asia (NCT00362648). Infants received either 3 doses of vaccine/placebo and were followed for up to 2 years. Within subgroups, vaccine efficacies and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) against rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) were estimated using Poisson regression. We assessed heterogeneity of efficacy by age at first dose, gender, breastfeeding status and nutrition status.
RESULTS:African children receiving the first dose at <8 weeks had lower efficacy (23.7%; 95% CI−8.2%–46.3%) than those vaccinated at ≥8 weeks (59.1%; 95% CI34.0%–74.6%). Marginally statistically significant differences were observed by age at first dose, gender and underweight status in Ghana and gender in Asian countries.
CONCLUSIONS:Heterogeneity of efficacy was observed for age at first dose in African countries. This was an exploratory analysis; additional studies are needed to validate these results.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0891-3668</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1532-0987</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000001362</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27755463</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Copyright Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved</publisher><subject>Bangladesh ; Developing Countries ; Female ; Gastroenteritis - epidemiology ; Gastroenteritis - prevention & control ; Ghana ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Mali ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Rotavirus ; Rotavirus Infections - epidemiology ; Rotavirus Infections - prevention & control ; Rotavirus Vaccines - administration & dosage ; Rotavirus Vaccines - therapeutic use ; Vaccination - statistics & numerical data</subject><ispartof>The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 2017-01, Vol.36 (1), p.72-78</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2017 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3562-b25ef9952ac20f8ef6b4aaf9b08bd0f89db48fe434e86b7c04df5bf7141f67cb3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3562-b25ef9952ac20f8ef6b4aaf9b08bd0f89db48fe434e86b7c04df5bf7141f67cb3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27755463$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Gruber, Joann F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hille, Darcy A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, G Frank</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaplan, Susan S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nelson, Micki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Goveia, Michelle G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mast, T Christopher</creatorcontrib><title>Heterogeneity of Rotavirus Vaccine Efficacy Among Infants in Developing Countries</title><title>The Pediatric infectious disease journal</title><addtitle>Pediatr Infect Dis J</addtitle><description>BACKGROUND:Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe diarrhea worldwide in young children. Although rotavirus vaccine efficacy is high in developed countries, efficacy is lower in developing countries. Here, we investigated heterogeneity of rotavirus vaccine efficacy by infant characteristics in developing countries.
METHODS:An exploratory, post hoc analysis was conducted using randomized controlled trial data of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) conducted in Africa and Asia (NCT00362648). Infants received either 3 doses of vaccine/placebo and were followed for up to 2 years. Within subgroups, vaccine efficacies and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) against rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) were estimated using Poisson regression. We assessed heterogeneity of efficacy by age at first dose, gender, breastfeeding status and nutrition status.
RESULTS:African children receiving the first dose at <8 weeks had lower efficacy (23.7%; 95% CI−8.2%–46.3%) than those vaccinated at ≥8 weeks (59.1%; 95% CI34.0%–74.6%). Marginally statistically significant differences were observed by age at first dose, gender and underweight status in Ghana and gender in Asian countries.
CONCLUSIONS:Heterogeneity of efficacy was observed for age at first dose in African countries. This was an exploratory analysis; additional studies are needed to validate these results.</description><subject>Bangladesh</subject><subject>Developing Countries</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gastroenteritis - epidemiology</subject><subject>Gastroenteritis - prevention & control</subject><subject>Ghana</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Infant, Newborn</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mali</subject><subject>Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic</subject><subject>Rotavirus</subject><subject>Rotavirus Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>Rotavirus Infections - prevention & control</subject><subject>Rotavirus Vaccines - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Rotavirus Vaccines - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Vaccination - statistics & numerical data</subject><issn>0891-3668</issn><issn>1532-0987</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kE1LxDAQhoMoun78A5EevXRNmqRNj7Ku7oIoinotSTrRaNusSeuy_97IriIenDkMvDwzAw9CxwSPCS6Ls_nN5Rj_KkLzbAuNCKdZiktRbKMRFiVJaZ6LPbQfwmuEKCN4F-1lRcE5y-kI3c2gB--eoQPbrxJnknvXyw_rh5A8Sa1tB8nUGKulXiXnreuek3lnZNeHxHbJBXxA4xY2phM3dL23EA7RjpFNgKPNPECPl9OHySy9vr2aT86vU015nqUq42DKkmdSZ9gIMLliUppSYaHqGJS1YsIAowxErgqNWW24MgVhxOSFVvQAna7vLrx7HyD0VWuDhqaRHbghVERQzhiPHVG2RrV3IXgw1cLbVvpVRXD1JbOKMqu_MuPayebDoFqof5a-7UVArIGla6LF8NYMS_DVC8imf_n_9idz7oFo</recordid><startdate>201701</startdate><enddate>201701</enddate><creator>Gruber, Joann F</creator><creator>Hille, Darcy A</creator><creator>Liu, G Frank</creator><creator>Kaplan, Susan S</creator><creator>Nelson, Micki</creator><creator>Goveia, Michelle G</creator><creator>Mast, T Christopher</creator><general>Copyright Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201701</creationdate><title>Heterogeneity of Rotavirus Vaccine Efficacy Among Infants in Developing Countries</title><author>Gruber, Joann F ; Hille, Darcy A ; Liu, G Frank ; Kaplan, Susan S ; Nelson, Micki ; Goveia, Michelle G ; Mast, T Christopher</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3562-b25ef9952ac20f8ef6b4aaf9b08bd0f89db48fe434e86b7c04df5bf7141f67cb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Bangladesh</topic><topic>Developing Countries</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gastroenteritis - epidemiology</topic><topic>Gastroenteritis - prevention & control</topic><topic>Ghana</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Infant, Newborn</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Mali</topic><topic>Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic</topic><topic>Rotavirus</topic><topic>Rotavirus Infections - epidemiology</topic><topic>Rotavirus Infections - prevention & control</topic><topic>Rotavirus Vaccines - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Rotavirus Vaccines - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Vaccination - statistics & numerical data</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Gruber, Joann F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hille, Darcy A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, G Frank</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaplan, Susan S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nelson, Micki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Goveia, Michelle G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mast, T Christopher</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The Pediatric infectious disease journal</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Gruber, Joann F</au><au>Hille, Darcy A</au><au>Liu, G Frank</au><au>Kaplan, Susan S</au><au>Nelson, Micki</au><au>Goveia, Michelle G</au><au>Mast, T Christopher</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Heterogeneity of Rotavirus Vaccine Efficacy Among Infants in Developing Countries</atitle><jtitle>The Pediatric infectious disease journal</jtitle><addtitle>Pediatr Infect Dis J</addtitle><date>2017-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>36</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>72</spage><epage>78</epage><pages>72-78</pages><issn>0891-3668</issn><eissn>1532-0987</eissn><abstract>BACKGROUND:Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe diarrhea worldwide in young children. Although rotavirus vaccine efficacy is high in developed countries, efficacy is lower in developing countries. Here, we investigated heterogeneity of rotavirus vaccine efficacy by infant characteristics in developing countries.
METHODS:An exploratory, post hoc analysis was conducted using randomized controlled trial data of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) conducted in Africa and Asia (NCT00362648). Infants received either 3 doses of vaccine/placebo and were followed for up to 2 years. Within subgroups, vaccine efficacies and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) against rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) were estimated using Poisson regression. We assessed heterogeneity of efficacy by age at first dose, gender, breastfeeding status and nutrition status.
RESULTS:African children receiving the first dose at <8 weeks had lower efficacy (23.7%; 95% CI−8.2%–46.3%) than those vaccinated at ≥8 weeks (59.1%; 95% CI34.0%–74.6%). Marginally statistically significant differences were observed by age at first dose, gender and underweight status in Ghana and gender in Asian countries.
CONCLUSIONS:Heterogeneity of efficacy was observed for age at first dose in African countries. This was an exploratory analysis; additional studies are needed to validate these results.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Copyright Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved</pub><pmid>27755463</pmid><doi>10.1097/INF.0000000000001362</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Bangladesh Developing Countries Female Gastroenteritis - epidemiology Gastroenteritis - prevention & control Ghana Humans Infant Infant, Newborn Male Mali Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Rotavirus Rotavirus Infections - epidemiology Rotavirus Infections - prevention & control Rotavirus Vaccines - administration & dosage Rotavirus Vaccines - therapeutic use Vaccination - statistics & numerical data |
| title | Heterogeneity of Rotavirus Vaccine Efficacy Among Infants in Developing Countries |
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