Numerical modelling of water spray barriers for dispersing dense gases

A depth-integrated numerical model is used to calculate the behavior of heavy and cold gas clouds subjected to the diluting influence of a water spray curtain. The model includes the physics of a cold cloud heated by the ground, which entrains moist air. Entrainment velocities are influenced by cloud stratification. Laboratory water-curtain trials are predicted accurately. The model reveals the influence of curtain placement, width of spray, spray strength, and thermal effects on the efficacy of the water curtain to mitigate potential hazards.