Synthesis of Biogas as a Renewable Energy from Organic Waste Mixture by Anaerobic Fermentation

An alternative method of obtaining gaseous fuel is through the anaerobic fermentation of wet livestock (animal and vegetable) wastes to produce biogas which is a mixture of methane (45-75%) and carbon dioxide. The process occurs in two stages. In the first stage, the complex organic substance contained in the waste is acted upon by a certain kind of bacteria called acid formers and are broken into small chain simple acids. The second stage produces methane and carbon dioxide by another kind of bacteria. The calorific value of this biogas ranges from 16000-25000 kj/m super( 3). It is an excellent fuel for cooking and lighting as well. W hen blended with diesel, it is a very good alternate fuel for compression ignition engines and can yield diesel savings of 72 to 80%. Thus, by means of suitable apparatus, biogas is produced from animal waste and vegetable waste with high calorific value (more than 16000-25000 kj/m super( 3)).