N-of-1 trials to enhance patient outcomes: identifying effective therapies and reducing harms, one patient at a time

Rather than starting with a group, and extrapolating inferences at the level of the individual, single-case experimental design evaluate treatment response at the level of the individual, and when combined, may inform how we should treat groups of patients with similar conditions. The articles in this issue of the Journal of Clinical Epidemiology (see Table 1) address fundamental concepts in N-of-1 trials, including their design, analysis, and reporting.