Species inventory and the local uses of the plants and fishes of the Lower Sondu Miriu wetland of Lake Victoria, Kenya

This investigation has surveyed the plants and fishes of the Lower Sondu Miriu wetland and described their use by adjacent communities. Poverty is endemic in the area. Fish samples were caught by beach seines, fence, weir traps, baskets, spears and gill-nets. A schedule (structured/openended) was used to discover the major local uses of wetland plants. A total of 37 species of aquatic plants were identified. The dominants were Cyperus papyrusL. (Papyrus), Eichhornia crassipesMart. Solms-Laubach (Water hyacinth),Vossia cuspidata Roxb. (Hippo grass)and Phragmites australis(Cav.) Trin. ex. Steud. (Reeds) in a descending order of dominance. The invasion of the wetland by Water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes, which has lead to sudden disappearance of submerged macrophytes at the swamp-lake interface zone, is reported here for the first time. Twelve families consisting of 28 species of fish were identified, the bulk of which consisted of the indigenous fish species of Lake Victoria. A dependence on the wetland plants for the supply of building material and cooking fuel is highlighted. Traditional use is recommended as opposed to commercial-scale enterprise and industry based on swamp plants, since subsistence utilization is compatible with sustainable utilization.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]