Development of a snow-fraction meter based on the conductometric method

Hydraulic conveying of snow is one of the most promising techniques for snow removal from an urban area. The method for measuring the fraction of snow in a snow-water mixture flowing in a pipe is a key technique for its practical application. A new method based on the conductometric method has been developed in this study. The method was tested using a prototype snow-fraction meter in a testing apparatus and a closed pipeline system. This type of meter has the advantage of in situ measurement of a wide fraction range from zero up to packed value. The meter is capable of quick response, independent of flow velocity or snow properties and nonintrustive in flow. This paper describes the application of techniques for the development of the meter and the test results. This new method is expected to be useful for hydraulic conveying of ice particles or ice cubes, a new technology in the air-conditioning field.