Fundamentals of Joint Injection

Using image guidance for joint access is a valuable fundamental skill. The purpose of this article is to review fluoroscopic and ultrasound-guided techniques and the medications used for injection into the glenohumeral, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, and ankle joints. Thorough understanding of basic injection principles, knowledge of the underlying anatomy, and consideration of the advantages and disadvantages of the imaging approaches should facilitate selection of the most appropriate technique for any clinical scenario.