Study of surface energy budget over alpine wetland in Longbao, Yushu Prefecture, Qinghai Province

Based on the observation from October, 2011 to September, 2012 on Longbao alpine wetland, using the synthetic method, the sensible heat fluxes and latent heat fluxes were calculated, and then the energy budget on the surface was analyzed. The results indicate that the annual total radiation is abundant (6 770.8 MJ[middot]m-2), among them, more than 550 MJ[middot]m-2 is gotten from March to September. The highest albedo is 92.9% in winter, when new snow cover form. There are 1 705.6 MJ[middot]m-2 of reflect radiation annually and 5 065.7 MJ[middot]m-2 of annual shortwave radiation. There is more than 90% of shortwave radiation absorbed into ground surface transmitting to atmosphere by radiation in November and December, less than 30% in June. Surface absorbs energy into deep soil from October to March but radiates energy from April to September. On the whole, the surface absorbs energy by net radiation and soil heat annually, and of the income energy, 77% is spent through latent heat and 23% through sensible h