Thyroplasty in the previously irradiated neck: A case series and short-term outcomes

Objectives/Hypothesis External beam radiation to the neck is widely considered a contraindication for thyroplasty due to concern for infection and implant extrusion. We present a case series of our experience regarding thyroplasty performed in a previously radiated field. Study Design Retrospective case study at a tertiary academic referral center. Methods Using the institution's clinical notes search tool, records from 1999 through 2014 documenting thyroplasty and radiation were identified and reviewed. Patients who received external beam radiation to the operative field prior to thyroplasty were included. Data including duration of radiation, timing and specifics of thyroplasty, postoperative complications, risk factors, clinical voice outcomes, and length of follow‐up were collected. Results Fourteen patients met criteria for the study. Of all thyroplasty performed, 11 were Silastic implants, two were Gore‐Tex implants, six had concurrent arytenoid adduction, and one was a midline type II thyroplasty. In terms of risk factors for postoperative complications, two were diabetic, none were active smokers, and one had a splenectomy. All patients were given postoperative antibiotics. The median duration of follow‐up after surgery was 14.2 months. No patients were found to have postoperative complications. Pre‐ and postoperative voice data were assessed. Overall, there was improvement in voice outcomes. Conclusions Thyroplasty may be an option for patients who have previously undergone external beam radiation. Short‐term and intermediate outcomes in our patients showed no postoperative complications, and generally voice or dysphagia improved. Careful selection is still warranted when considering thyroplasty in a previously irradiated neck, and long‐term outcomes need further study. Level of Evidence 4 Laryngoscope, 126:1849–1853, 2016