The Potential Effect of Epidural Anesthesia on Mesenteric Injury after Supraceliac Aortic Clamping in a Rabbit Model

Background Epidural anesthesia is known to increase blood flow by producing vasodilatation on mesenteric circulation. In this experimental study, we aim to examine the effect of epidural anesthesia on mesenteric ischemic-reperfusion (IR) injury induced by supracoeliac aortic occlusion in a rabbit model. Methods Twenty-eight male white New Zealand rabbits were assigned into 4 separate groups, with 7 rabbits in each group: group I, control group; group II, IR-only group; group III, IR plus epidural anesthesia group; group IV, epidural anesthesia-only group. IR model was produced by clamping supraceliac aorta with an atraumatic vascular clamp for 60 min, followed by reperfusion for 120 min. An epidural catheter was placed via Th12-L1 intervertebral space by using open technique before aortic clamping in those assigned to epidural anesthesia. IR injury was assessed using blood markers interleukin-6 and IMA and tissue markers superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde. Also histopathological examination was performed to evaluate the degree of injury. Results All biochemical markers in group II were significantly elevated in comparison with the other 3 groups (p < 0.05). This was paralleled by a more severe histopathological injury in IR- only group (group II). The group receiving IR plus epidural anesthesia (group III) had lower biochemical marker levels as compared with the IR-only group (group II). Conclusions Mesenteric IR injury that can occur during abdominal aorta surgery can be reduced by epidural anesthesia, which is commonly used during or after major operations for pain control. Controlled clinical studies are required to evaluate these findings.