Application of nanomaterials in sample preparation

•Applications of nanomaterials in SPE and SPME are summarized and discussed.•Adsorption characters of metallic NPs and MOF nanomaterials are introduced.•Extraction applications of carbonaceous and siliceous nanomaterials are presented. Nanotechnology is one of the most important trends in material science. Due to the ultra-small size, nanomaterials possess unique physical and chemical properties. In this review, we summarized and discussed the recent applications of different nanomaterials, including metallic nanoparticles, metal organic frameworks (MOFs) materials, carbonaceous nanomaterials and siliceous nanoparticles, in sample preparation techniques.