Clinical Outcome of Simultaneous Native Nephrectomy and Kidney Transplantation in Patients With Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease

Abstract Background End-stage renal disease patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease may require native nephrectomy for various indications. However, the appropriate timing for nephrectomy in kidney transplantation and its effect on allograft survival have not been fully investigated. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 41 kidney transplant recipients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in whom transplantation was done simultaneously, after, or without native nephrectomy at Seoul St. Mary's hospital between January 1987 and February 2014. We divided patients into 2 groups based on when native nephrectomy was performed: simultaneously (group A, n = 13) and after or without nephrectomy (group B, n = 28), and compared perioperative outcomes, posttransplantation complications, and allograft survival rates. Results The mean operative time was significantly longer in group A than in group B (6.48 ± 1.84 vs 5.27 ± 0.84 hours; P = .048). The mean numbers of units required for intraoperative blood transfusions were also significantly higher in group A than in group B (3.66 ± 3.43 vs 0.75 ± 0.26 units; P = .018). However, there were no differences between groups in the incidence of acute rejection and other complications such as postoperative bleeding and infectious complications ( P > .05, for all). The allograft survival rate also did not differ between groups ( P > .05). Conclusions Our study showed that patients undergoing simultaneous nephrectomy and kidney transplantations had clinical outcomes, in terms of complications and allograft survival, that were comparable to those in patients undergoing kidney transplantations with or without previous nephrectomy.