Chemical amplification of magnetic field effects relevant to avian magnetoreception
Magnetic fields as weak as the Earth's can change the yields of radical pair reactions even though the energies involved are orders of magnitude smaller than the thermal energy, k B T , at room temperature. Proposed as the source of the light-dependent magnetic compass in migratory birds, the r...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Nature chemistry 2016-04, Vol.8 (4), p.384-391 |
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| creator | Kattnig, Daniel R. Evans, Emrys W. Déjean, Victoire Dodson, Charlotte A. Wallace, Mark I. Mackenzie, Stuart R. Timmel, Christiane R. Hore, P. J. |
| description | Magnetic fields as weak as the Earth's can change the yields of radical pair reactions even though the energies involved are orders of magnitude smaller than the thermal energy,
k
B
T
, at room temperature. Proposed as the source of the light-dependent magnetic compass in migratory birds, the radical pair mechanism is thought to operate in cryptochrome flavoproteins in the retina. Here we demonstrate that the primary magnetic field effect on flavin photoreactions can be amplified chemically by slow radical termination reactions under conditions of continuous photoexcitation. The nature and origin of the amplification are revealed by studies of the intermolecular flavin–tryptophan and flavin–ascorbic acid photocycles and the closely related intramolecular flavin–tryptophan radical pair in cryptochrome. Amplification factors of up to 5.6 were observed for magnetic fields weaker than 1 mT. Substantial chemical amplification could have a significant impact on the viability of a cryptochrome-based magnetic compass sensor.
Proposed as the source of the light-dependent magnetic compass in migratory birds, the radical pair mechanism is thought to operate in flavoproteins in the retina. Now, it has been demonstrated that the primary magnetic field effect on flavin photoreactions can be chemically amplified by slow radical termination reactions under conditions of continuous photoexcitation. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/nchem.2447 |
| format | Article |
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k
B
T
, at room temperature. Proposed as the source of the light-dependent magnetic compass in migratory birds, the radical pair mechanism is thought to operate in cryptochrome flavoproteins in the retina. Here we demonstrate that the primary magnetic field effect on flavin photoreactions can be amplified chemically by slow radical termination reactions under conditions of continuous photoexcitation. The nature and origin of the amplification are revealed by studies of the intermolecular flavin–tryptophan and flavin–ascorbic acid photocycles and the closely related intramolecular flavin–tryptophan radical pair in cryptochrome. Amplification factors of up to 5.6 were observed for magnetic fields weaker than 1 mT. Substantial chemical amplification could have a significant impact on the viability of a cryptochrome-based magnetic compass sensor.
Proposed as the source of the light-dependent magnetic compass in migratory birds, the radical pair mechanism is thought to operate in flavoproteins in the retina. Now, it has been demonstrated that the primary magnetic field effect on flavin photoreactions can be chemically amplified by slow radical termination reactions under conditions of continuous photoexcitation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1755-4330</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1755-4349</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2447</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27001735</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>140/125 ; 639/638/440/56 ; 639/638/440/947 ; 639/638/440/950 ; 639/638/92/56 ; Analytical Chemistry ; Animals ; Ascorbic Acid - chemistry ; Biochemistry ; Bird migration ; Chemistry ; Chemistry/Food Science ; Cryptochromes - chemistry ; Electrons ; Flavins - chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry ; Light ; Magnetic Fields ; Migratory birds ; Muramidase - chemistry ; Organic Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry ; Sensors ; Sensory Receptor Cells - physiology ; Thermal energy ; Tryptophan - chemistry</subject><ispartof>Nature chemistry, 2016-04, Vol.8 (4), p.384-391</ispartof><rights>Springer Nature Limited 2016</rights><rights>Copyright Nature Publishing Group Apr 2016</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c523t-ff4054a6b31e7c3b57d8c4c6d1fff19ac8bc4a8b0d09219476c8677f90abb7013</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c523t-ff4054a6b31e7c3b57d8c4c6d1fff19ac8bc4a8b0d09219476c8677f90abb7013</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/nchem.2447$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1038/nchem.2447$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27001735$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kattnig, Daniel R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Evans, Emrys W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Déjean, Victoire</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dodson, Charlotte A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wallace, Mark I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mackenzie, Stuart R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Timmel, Christiane R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hore, P. J.</creatorcontrib><title>Chemical amplification of magnetic field effects relevant to avian magnetoreception</title><title>Nature chemistry</title><addtitle>Nature Chem</addtitle><addtitle>Nat Chem</addtitle><description>Magnetic fields as weak as the Earth's can change the yields of radical pair reactions even though the energies involved are orders of magnitude smaller than the thermal energy,
k
B
T
, at room temperature. Proposed as the source of the light-dependent magnetic compass in migratory birds, the radical pair mechanism is thought to operate in cryptochrome flavoproteins in the retina. Here we demonstrate that the primary magnetic field effect on flavin photoreactions can be amplified chemically by slow radical termination reactions under conditions of continuous photoexcitation. The nature and origin of the amplification are revealed by studies of the intermolecular flavin–tryptophan and flavin–ascorbic acid photocycles and the closely related intramolecular flavin–tryptophan radical pair in cryptochrome. Amplification factors of up to 5.6 were observed for magnetic fields weaker than 1 mT. Substantial chemical amplification could have a significant impact on the viability of a cryptochrome-based magnetic compass sensor.
Proposed as the source of the light-dependent magnetic compass in migratory birds, the radical pair mechanism is thought to operate in flavoproteins in the retina. Now, it has been demonstrated that the primary magnetic field effect on flavin photoreactions can be chemically amplified by slow radical termination reactions under conditions of continuous photoexcitation.</description><subject>140/125</subject><subject>639/638/440/56</subject><subject>639/638/440/947</subject><subject>639/638/440/950</subject><subject>639/638/92/56</subject><subject>Analytical Chemistry</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Ascorbic Acid - chemistry</subject><subject>Biochemistry</subject><subject>Bird migration</subject><subject>Chemistry</subject><subject>Chemistry/Food Science</subject><subject>Cryptochromes - chemistry</subject><subject>Electrons</subject><subject>Flavins - chemistry</subject><subject>Inorganic Chemistry</subject><subject>Light</subject><subject>Magnetic Fields</subject><subject>Migratory birds</subject><subject>Muramidase - chemistry</subject><subject>Organic Chemistry</subject><subject>Physical Chemistry</subject><subject>Sensors</subject><subject>Sensory Receptor Cells - physiology</subject><subject>Thermal energy</subject><subject>Tryptophan - chemistry</subject><issn>1755-4330</issn><issn>1755-4349</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNqN0ctKxDAUBuAgiqOjGx9ACm5E6Zg0SZMuZfAGAy7UdUnTkzFDbybtgG9v5uIgunGVA_nOH8KP0BnBE4KpvGn0O9SThDGxh46I4DxmlGX7u5niETr2foFxyilJD9EoERgTQfkRepmGXatVFam6q6wJY2_bJmpNVKt5A73VkbFQlREYA7r3kYMKlqrpo76N1NKqZgtbBxq61fIJOjCq8nC6Pcfo7f7udfoYz54fnqa3s1jzhPaxMQxzptKCEhCaFlyUUjOdlsQYQzKlZaGZkgUucZaQjIlUy1QIk2FVFAITOkaXm9zOtR8D-D6vrddQVaqBdvA5EVnYlJlM_0EFpzLh69SLX3TRDq4JHwlK4ownUvKgrjZKu9Z7BybvnK2V-8wJzlet5OtW8lUrAZ9vI4eihnJHv2sI4HoDfLhq5uB-vPk37gvk2Zbs</recordid><startdate>20160401</startdate><enddate>20160401</enddate><creator>Kattnig, Daniel R.</creator><creator>Evans, Emrys W.</creator><creator>Déjean, Victoire</creator><creator>Dodson, Charlotte A.</creator><creator>Wallace, Mark I.</creator><creator>Mackenzie, Stuart R.</creator><creator>Timmel, Christiane R.</creator><creator>Hore, P. 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J.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Chemical amplification of magnetic field effects relevant to avian magnetoreception</atitle><jtitle>Nature chemistry</jtitle><stitle>Nature Chem</stitle><addtitle>Nat Chem</addtitle><date>2016-04-01</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>8</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>384</spage><epage>391</epage><pages>384-391</pages><issn>1755-4330</issn><eissn>1755-4349</eissn><abstract>Magnetic fields as weak as the Earth's can change the yields of radical pair reactions even though the energies involved are orders of magnitude smaller than the thermal energy,
k
B
T
, at room temperature. Proposed as the source of the light-dependent magnetic compass in migratory birds, the radical pair mechanism is thought to operate in cryptochrome flavoproteins in the retina. Here we demonstrate that the primary magnetic field effect on flavin photoreactions can be amplified chemically by slow radical termination reactions under conditions of continuous photoexcitation. The nature and origin of the amplification are revealed by studies of the intermolecular flavin–tryptophan and flavin–ascorbic acid photocycles and the closely related intramolecular flavin–tryptophan radical pair in cryptochrome. Amplification factors of up to 5.6 were observed for magnetic fields weaker than 1 mT. Substantial chemical amplification could have a significant impact on the viability of a cryptochrome-based magnetic compass sensor.
Proposed as the source of the light-dependent magnetic compass in migratory birds, the radical pair mechanism is thought to operate in flavoproteins in the retina. Now, it has been demonstrated that the primary magnetic field effect on flavin photoreactions can be chemically amplified by slow radical termination reactions under conditions of continuous photoexcitation.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>27001735</pmid><doi>10.1038/nchem.2447</doi><tpages>8</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | 140/125 639/638/440/56 639/638/440/947 639/638/440/950 639/638/92/56 Analytical Chemistry Animals Ascorbic Acid - chemistry Biochemistry Bird migration Chemistry Chemistry/Food Science Cryptochromes - chemistry Electrons Flavins - chemistry Inorganic Chemistry Light Magnetic Fields Migratory birds Muramidase - chemistry Organic Chemistry Physical Chemistry Sensors Sensory Receptor Cells - physiology Thermal energy Tryptophan - chemistry |
| title | Chemical amplification of magnetic field effects relevant to avian magnetoreception |
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