A Study on Sonet and SDH with their Defects in Optical Network

Data transmission over a communication channel, should provide important facilities to be added, including data framing, error checking and to manage the channel. This is a complete review paper and theoretically we intend to explain the basics of Synchronous Optical Network/Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SONET/SDH), Architecture, Bit rates, Netowork configurations etc. All these are standardised and approved by ANSI. One would get to know what SONET/SDH is all about and how exactly are they used through this paper. Also, the merits and de-merits are completely analysed.