An off-grid stand-alone wave energy supply system with maximum power extraction scheme for green energy utilization in Malaysian Island

Energy is one of the most important factors in the socioeconomic development of a country. In a developing country like Malaysia, the development of islands is mostly related to the availability of electric power. As an island surrounded by sea, power generated by wave energy source will become one of the most promising solutions for the electrification of island areas. But, the unpredictable nature of the wave energy source is the main drawback. This paper presents a novel stand-alone wave energy supply system modeling with maximum power tracking and an energy storage-based power management algorithm in MATLAB/Simulink environment. The main contributions of this research work are eliminating the intermittent power generation nature of wave energy and efficiently extract the maximum wave power. In the proposed stand-alone system, a DC–DC bidirectional buck-boost converter controller is used to maintain the constant dc-link voltage. It also accumulates the surplus wave power in the battery bank and supplies this power to the load during the wave power shortage. A three-phase complex vector control scheme voltage source inverter is used to control the load-side voltage in terms of the frequency and voltage amplitude. Based on the simulation results obtained from MATLAB/Simulink, it has been found that the overall system is capable of working under variable weather and load conditions, and it can also able to extract the maximum wave power.