Cerebellopontine degeneration as an immune restoration disease in HIV infection

Primary cerebellar degeneration is still rare in HIV disease. HIV cerebellar syndromes are commonly caused by opportunistic infection, neoplasm, or encephalitis, and may be accompanied by cognitive impairment. Other etiologies include autoimmunity or genetic disorder, immune restoration disease (IRD), drug toxicity, or damage from HIV replication. Reports commonly describe individuals with high plasma viremia, uncharacterized central nervous system (CNS) viral loads, and atrophy with loss of granular neurons, but not pontine atrophy.