Adverse Events, Including Death, Associated with the Use of 1,4-Butanediol
The industrial solvent 1,4-butanediol, when ingested, is rapidly converted to γ-hydroxybutyrate, a neuromodulator with depressant effects, primarily on the central nervous system. γ-Hydroxybutyrate is a metabolite of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which is an inhibitory neurotransmitter (Figure 1). 1,4...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The New England journal of medicine 2001-01, Vol.344 (2), p.87-94 |
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| creator | Zvosec, Deborah L Smith, Stephen W McCutcheon, J. Rod Spillane, Joe Hall, Bradley J Peacock, Elizabeth A |
| description | The industrial solvent 1,4-butanediol, when ingested, is rapidly converted to γ-hydroxybutyrate, a neuromodulator with depressant effects, primarily on the central nervous system. γ-Hydroxybutyrate is a metabolite of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which is an inhibitory neurotransmitter (Figure 1). 1,4-Butanediol and γ-hydroxybutyrate occur endogenously in humans in trace amounts.
1
γ-Hydroxybutyrate was marketed to bodybuilders in the 1980s as a purported aid to muscle building and fat loss. Because of its euphoric and sexual effects, it became a drug of abuse. Reports of the drug's toxicity resulted in warnings about health risks and a federal prohibition of the manufacture, sale, and use of . . . |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1056/NEJM200101113440202 |
| format | Article |
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1
γ-Hydroxybutyrate was marketed to bodybuilders in the 1980s as a purported aid to muscle building and fat loss. Because of its euphoric and sexual effects, it became a drug of abuse. Reports of the drug's toxicity resulted in warnings about health risks and a federal prohibition of the manufacture, sale, and use of . . .</description><identifier>ISSN: 0028-4793</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1533-4406</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1056/NEJM200101113440202</identifier><identifier>PMID: 11150358</identifier><identifier>CODEN: NEJMAG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Boston, MA: Massachusetts Medical Society</publisher><subject>1,4-butanediol ; Adult ; Biological and medical sciences ; Butylene Glycols - administration & dosage ; Butylene Glycols - adverse effects ; Butylene Glycols - analysis ; Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases ; Dietary supplements ; Dietary Supplements - adverse effects ; Drug dosages ; Fatal Outcome ; FDA approval ; Female ; Food industries ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; g-Hydroxybutyric acid ; Humans ; incontinence ; Male ; Mass spectrometry ; Medical sciences ; Patients ; Psychomotor Agitation - etiology ; Pulmonary Edema - chemically induced ; Research and development. New food products, dietetic foods and beverages ; Sodium Oxybate - adverse effects ; Sodium Oxybate - analysis ; Solvents ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome ; Substance-Related Disorders ; supplements ; Toxicology ; Unconsciousness - chemically induced ; Vomiting - chemically induced</subject><ispartof>The New England journal of medicine, 2001-01, Vol.344 (2), p.87-94</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2001 Massachusetts Medical Society. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>2001 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c553t-cfb91ea8e44756ede6c55fae07e2c8ffa1110cf018f81eb9474c57e57c2935c33</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c553t-cfb91ea8e44756ede6c55fae07e2c8ffa1110cf018f81eb9474c57e57c2935c33</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJM200101113440202$$EPDF$$P50$$Gmms$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM200101113440202$$EHTML$$P50$$Gmms$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,2746,2747,26080,27901,27902,52357,54039</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=849454$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11150358$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zvosec, Deborah L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smith, Stephen W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McCutcheon, J. Rod</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spillane, Joe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hall, Bradley J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peacock, Elizabeth A</creatorcontrib><title>Adverse Events, Including Death, Associated with the Use of 1,4-Butanediol</title><title>The New England journal of medicine</title><addtitle>N Engl J Med</addtitle><description>The industrial solvent 1,4-butanediol, when ingested, is rapidly converted to γ-hydroxybutyrate, a neuromodulator with depressant effects, primarily on the central nervous system. γ-Hydroxybutyrate is a metabolite of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which is an inhibitory neurotransmitter (Figure 1). 1,4-Butanediol and γ-hydroxybutyrate occur endogenously in humans in trace amounts.
1
γ-Hydroxybutyrate was marketed to bodybuilders in the 1980s as a purported aid to muscle building and fat loss. Because of its euphoric and sexual effects, it became a drug of abuse. Reports of the drug's toxicity resulted in warnings about health risks and a federal prohibition of the manufacture, sale, and use of . . .</description><subject>1,4-butanediol</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Butylene Glycols - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Butylene Glycols - adverse effects</subject><subject>Butylene Glycols - analysis</subject><subject>Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases</subject><subject>Dietary supplements</subject><subject>Dietary Supplements - adverse effects</subject><subject>Drug dosages</subject><subject>Fatal Outcome</subject><subject>FDA approval</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Food industries</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>g-Hydroxybutyric acid</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>incontinence</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mass spectrometry</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Psychomotor Agitation - etiology</subject><subject>Pulmonary Edema - chemically induced</subject><subject>Research and development. New food products, dietetic foods and beverages</subject><subject>Sodium Oxybate - adverse effects</subject><subject>Sodium Oxybate - analysis</subject><subject>Solvents</subject><subject>Substance Withdrawal Syndrome</subject><subject>Substance-Related Disorders</subject><subject>supplements</subject><subject>Toxicology</subject><subject>Unconsciousness - chemically induced</subject><subject>Vomiting - chemically induced</subject><issn>0028-4793</issn><issn>1533-4406</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2001</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kF9LwzAUxYMoOqefQJCg4IurJk3Spo9zTt2Y-uKeQ5beuI7-mU078dsbWVEQ8b6EG37n3MNB6ISSK0pEdP00nj6GhFBCKWWck5CEO6hHBWOB36Jd1CMklAGPE3aADp1bET-UJ_vowCsEYUL20HSYbqB2gMcbKBs3wJPS5G2ala_4FnSzHOChc5XJdAMpfs-aJW6WgOdeUFlMBzy4aRtdQppV-RHaszp3cNy9fTS_G7-MHoLZ8_1kNJwFRgjWBMYuEgpaAuexiCCFyP9bDSSG0EhrtQ9HjCVUWklhkfCYGxGDiE2YMGEY66OLre-6rt5acI0qMmcgz32OqnWKxpJyGUcePPsFrqq2Ln02FYbMGycy8RDbQqaunKvBqnWdFbr-UJSor57VHz171Wln3S4KSH80XbEeOO8A7YzOba1Lk7lvTvKEC-6pyy1VFE6VsCr-PfoJH9KOSQ</recordid><startdate>20010111</startdate><enddate>20010111</enddate><creator>Zvosec, Deborah L</creator><creator>Smith, Stephen W</creator><creator>McCutcheon, J. 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Rod ; Spillane, Joe ; Hall, Bradley J ; Peacock, Elizabeth A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c553t-cfb91ea8e44756ede6c55fae07e2c8ffa1110cf018f81eb9474c57e57c2935c33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2001</creationdate><topic>1,4-butanediol</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Butylene Glycols - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Butylene Glycols - adverse effects</topic><topic>Butylene Glycols - analysis</topic><topic>Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases</topic><topic>Dietary supplements</topic><topic>Dietary Supplements - adverse effects</topic><topic>Drug dosages</topic><topic>Fatal Outcome</topic><topic>FDA approval</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Food industries</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>g-Hydroxybutyric acid</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>incontinence</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Mass spectrometry</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Psychomotor Agitation - etiology</topic><topic>Pulmonary Edema - chemically induced</topic><topic>Research and development. New food products, dietetic foods and beverages</topic><topic>Sodium Oxybate - adverse effects</topic><topic>Sodium Oxybate - analysis</topic><topic>Solvents</topic><topic>Substance Withdrawal Syndrome</topic><topic>Substance-Related Disorders</topic><topic>supplements</topic><topic>Toxicology</topic><topic>Unconsciousness - chemically induced</topic><topic>Vomiting - chemically induced</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zvosec, Deborah L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smith, Stephen W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McCutcheon, J. 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Rod</au><au>Spillane, Joe</au><au>Hall, Bradley J</au><au>Peacock, Elizabeth A</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Adverse Events, Including Death, Associated with the Use of 1,4-Butanediol</atitle><jtitle>The New England journal of medicine</jtitle><addtitle>N Engl J Med</addtitle><date>2001-01-11</date><risdate>2001</risdate><volume>344</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>87</spage><epage>94</epage><pages>87-94</pages><issn>0028-4793</issn><eissn>1533-4406</eissn><coden>NEJMAG</coden><abstract>The industrial solvent 1,4-butanediol, when ingested, is rapidly converted to γ-hydroxybutyrate, a neuromodulator with depressant effects, primarily on the central nervous system. γ-Hydroxybutyrate is a metabolite of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which is an inhibitory neurotransmitter (Figure 1). 1,4-Butanediol and γ-hydroxybutyrate occur endogenously in humans in trace amounts.
1
γ-Hydroxybutyrate was marketed to bodybuilders in the 1980s as a purported aid to muscle building and fat loss. Because of its euphoric and sexual effects, it became a drug of abuse. Reports of the drug's toxicity resulted in warnings about health risks and a federal prohibition of the manufacture, sale, and use of . . .</abstract><cop>Boston, MA</cop><pub>Massachusetts Medical Society</pub><pmid>11150358</pmid><doi>10.1056/NEJM200101113440202</doi><tpages>8</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; New England Journal of Medicine |
| subjects | 1,4-butanediol Adult Biological and medical sciences Butylene Glycols - administration & dosage Butylene Glycols - adverse effects Butylene Glycols - analysis Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases Dietary supplements Dietary Supplements - adverse effects Drug dosages Fatal Outcome FDA approval Female Food industries Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology g-Hydroxybutyric acid Humans incontinence Male Mass spectrometry Medical sciences Patients Psychomotor Agitation - etiology Pulmonary Edema - chemically induced Research and development. New food products, dietetic foods and beverages Sodium Oxybate - adverse effects Sodium Oxybate - analysis Solvents Substance Withdrawal Syndrome Substance-Related Disorders supplements Toxicology Unconsciousness - chemically induced Vomiting - chemically induced |
| title | Adverse Events, Including Death, Associated with the Use of 1,4-Butanediol |
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