Metal-Free sp(2)-C-H Borylation as a Common Reactivity Pattern of Frustrated 2-Aminophenylboranes
C-H borylation is a powerful and atom-efficient method for converting affordable and abundant chemicals into versatile organic reagents used in the production of fine chemicals and functional materials. Herein we report a facile C-H borylation of aromatic and olefinic C-H bonds with 2-aminophenylbor...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of the American Chemical Society 2016-04, Vol.138 (14), p.4860-4868 |
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Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , |
Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | C-H borylation is a powerful and atom-efficient method for converting affordable and abundant chemicals into versatile organic reagents used in the production of fine chemicals and functional materials. Herein we report a facile C-H borylation of aromatic and olefinic C-H bonds with 2-aminophenylboranes. Computational and experimental studies reveal that the metal-free C-H insertion proceeds via a frustrated Lewis pair mechanism involving heterolytic splitting of the C-H bond by cooperative action of the amine and boryl groups. The adapted geometry of the reactive B and N centers results in an unprecedentently low kinetic barrier for both insertion into the sp(2)-C-H bond and intramolecular protonation of the sp(2)-C-B bond in 2-ammoniophenyl(aryl)- or -(alkenyl)borates. This common reactivity pattern serves as a platform for various catalytic reactions such as C-H borylation and hydrogenation of alkynes. In particular, we demonstrate that simple 2-aminopyridinium salts efficiently catalyze the C-H borylation of hetarenes with catecholborane. This reaction is presumably mediated by a borenium species isoelectronic to 2-aminophenylboranes. |
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ISSN: | 1520-5126 |
DOI: | 10.1021/jacs.6b00819 |