Comparisons of the results of peripheral nerve defect repair with fibrin conduit and autologous nerve graft: An experimental study in rats

Introduction The standard treatment for nerve defects is nerve autograft. There is no conduit available that provides the same regenerative capacity of nerve autograft. This study evaluated the histological and functional recovery of nerve defects treated with fibrin conduit in comparison to the nerve autograft, in a rat model. Method A sciatic nerve injury model (10‐mm defect) was performed in 20 Wistar rats, nerve defect was reconstructed using a fibrin conduit (n = 10). A nerve autograft was used as control (n = 10). The walking behavior was measured by footprint analysis at 4, 8, and 12 weeks and sciatic function index was determined. After 12 weeks, histological analysis was performed to evaluate the regenerated nerve and measured axonal density. The triceps surae muscle weight was also evaluated. Results The fibrin conduit group showed less improvement in walking behavior compared to nerve autograft (−53 ± 2 vs. −36 ± 2; P