Impairment of cell and plasma redox state in subjects professionally exposed to chromium

Background Chromium (Cr) is widely used in chemical, tannery, building, and metal industries. More recently, it has been demonstrated that Cr induces oxidative stress in mouse brain. Nevertheless very few data exist on in vivo oxidative damage in humans exposed to Cr. Methods Changes in antioxidant parameters both in plasma (acid ascorbic redox state and total antioxidant capacity) and in red blood cells (glutathione (GSH) redox state) of 40 subjects (age 37.65 ± 7.46; M/F 20/20) professionally exposed to Cr who were recruited from metal, chemistry, and building industries were evaluated. We also evaluated the levels of lipoperoxidation (thiobarbituric acid‐reactive material, TBA‐RM) and thiol levels in plasma to assess the extent of oxidative stress state. To evaluate Cr exposure rate, we measured urinary‐chromium (U‐Cr) by an electrothermic atomization‐atomic absorption spectrometry (ETA‐AAS) method. Results In this study, we found that Cr exposure induced a decrease both in GSH (P