Epidermal growth factor receptor overexpression is common and not correlated to gene copy number in ependymoma

Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) status in ependymoma specimens, as there is a need for new prognostic and druggable targets in this disease. Methods Ependymomas (WHO grade II, n = 40; WHO grade III, n = 15) located spinal ( n = 35), infratentorial ( n = 14), and supratentorial ( n = 6) of 53 patients with a median age of 40 (range, 2–79) years were analyzed for Ki-67, p53, and EGFR expression by immunohistochemistry using a tissue microarray and for EGFR gene copy number alterations/mutations. Results were correlated to clinical data. Results EGFR overexpression was found in 30/60 % of ependymomas depending on the antibody used and was more pronounced in WHO grade III. High EGFR gene copy number gains were found in 6 (11 %) ependymomas with half of them being amplifications. EGFR amplified ependymomas displayed an EGFR overexpression with both antibodies in two of three cases. A missense mutation in exon 20 of EGFR (S768I) was detected in one amplified case. Conclusions EGFR is frequently overexpressed in ependymomas. Other mechanisms than amplification of the EGFR gene appear to contribute to EGFR overexpression in most cases. EGFR mutations may be present in a small subset of ependymomas.