Creep properties of different γ′-strengthened Co-base superalloys

► Creep strength of some Co-base alloys similar to Ni alloy IN100 at 850°C. ► Strengthening of grain boundaries is crucial for the creep strength. ► Morphology of grain boundaries has a strong impact on creep properties. ► Activation energy for creep similar to Ni-base superalloys. ► Plasticity by dislocation activity in matrix channels and shearing of γ′-particles. The influence of various alloying elements on the creep properties of polycrystalline Co-base superalloys hardened by a ternary L12 compound, Co3(Al,W) (γ′-phase), was investigated. A Ti containing quaternary alloy shows creep strength similar to Ni-base superalloys IN100 and IN713C at 850°C and strongly superior to conventional Co-base superalloys as Haynes188. The activation energy for creep between 850 and 950°C is similar to the polycrystalline Ni-base superalloy IN100 in the same temperature range. Strengthening of the grain boundaries by third phase precipitates was found to be crucial for the mechanical properties. This can be achieved either by precipitation of borides or by additional intermetallic phases which precipitate due to oversaturation. During compressive creep at 850°C only a slight tendency for directional coarsening occurs, while at 950°C distinct γ/γ′-rafts perpendicular to the external compressive stress axis are formed which indicate a positive lattice misfit even at 950°C.