Evaluation of physicochemical properties and intestinal permeability of six dietary polyphenols in human intestinal colon adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cells

Phenolic compounds are common ingredients in many dietary supplements and functional foods. However, data concerning physicochemical properties and permeability of polyphenols on the intestinal epithelial cells are scarce. The aims of this study were to determine the experimental partition coefficient (Log P ), and parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA), to characterize the bi-directional transport of six phenolic compounds viz. caffeic acid, chrysin, gallic acid, quercetin, resveratrol and rutin in Caco-2 cells. The experimental Log P values of six polyphenols were correlated ( R 2 = 0.92) well with the calculated Log P values. The apparent permeability ( P app ) range of all polyphenols in PAMPA for the apical (AP) to basolateral (BL) was 1.18 ± 0.05 × 10 −6 to 5.90 ± 0.16 × 10 −6 cm/s. The apparent Caco-2 permeability ( P app ) range for the AP–BL was 0.96 ± 0.03 × 10 −6 to 3.80 ± 0.45 × 10 −6 cm/s. The efflux ratio of P app (BL → AP) to P app (AP → BL) for all phenolics was