Reverse function of ROS-induced CBL10 during salt and drought stress responses

•Role of brassinosteroids in the production of reactive oxygen species is explored.•Expression of CBL10 is induced by reactive oxygen species.•CBL10 increases resistance to salt stress conditions in plants.•CBL10 negatively affects resistance to drought stress in plants. Cellular levels of Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are maintained at low levels in the cytosol but fluctuate greatly when acting as second messengers to decode environmental and developmental signals. Phytohormones are primary signals leading to various changes in ROS or Ca2+ signaling during synergistic and antagonistic cross-talk. In this study, we found that brassinosteroids (BRs), hormones involved in diverse plant developmental processes, promote ROS production. To identify downstream signaling components of ROS during BR-mediated plant development, we searched for genes whose expression remained unchanged by ROS only in BR- signaling mutants and found calcineurin B-like (CBL) 10, which encodes a CBL should be changed to CBL10. protein that senses calcium. ROS-induced CBL10 expression was nullified and endogenous CBL10 expression in the shoot was low in the BR-signaling mutant. Using a cbl10 mutant and a transgenic plant overexpressing CBL10, we showed that BR sensitivity during hypocotyl growth decreased in the cbl10 mutant under salt stress, providing an additional mechanism for positive regulation of salt stress by CBL10. We also demonstrated that CBL10 negatively affects tolerance to drought and is not mediated by abscisic acid-induced signaling. Our results suggest that Ca2+ signaling through CBL10 differently affects the response to abiotic stresses, partly by regulating BR sensitivity of plant tissues.