Aspergillus thyroiditis: first antemortem case diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration culture in a pediatric stem cell transplant patient

Aspergillus thyroiditis (AT) has historically been considered a postmortem diagnosis in immunocompromised patients; most have disseminated disease. This report summarizes the clinical challenge of diagnosing AT. It also highlights the value of the early use of thyroid fine‐needle aspiration culture and the need for a high index of suspicion to reach the final diagnosis before disease dissemination.