"Confucianism-Taoism" and "Buddhist-ideal" in Qi Jiguang's Wushu Theories ZHANG Changnian

Based on the methods of literature review, history and logical analysis, through theoretical investigation on the connotations of Qi Jiguang's Wushu theories, this paper studies on the Confucian origin of Qi's Wushu theories and the appliance of Yangming "conscience" and "knowledge and action" theory to specific military management and marching activities, as well as the inner spirit of Chinese Buddhism. It also analyzes how Qi applied his theory system to the real world through Wushu practice. It concludes that Qi's theory of integrating military and Confucianism is the appliance of mind philosophy, where he creatively applied Wang Shouren's philosophy of the mind to military training and even to specific battles, and established the military philosophy of the mind by integrating Wushu theory with mind philosophy. Although originated from Confucianism and the appliance of Yangming's theories, Qi's Wushu theories exhibit the thinking pattern of Buddhism in essence. Qi's Wushu approach is the appliance of "Con