Transportation characteristics of delta super(13)C in the plants-soil-bedrock-cave system in Chongqing karst area

Here we use an analytical method to determine delta super(13)C in local plants and organic matter in the soils above Furong cave, Chongqing, China. We also monitored delta super(13)C in dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) of drip water, delta super(13)C of active deposits under the drip waters, and the concentration of air CO sub(2) (PCO sub(2)). Based on these, we preliminarily studied the transportation characteristics of stable carbon isotope ( super(13)C) in cave system of the subtropical karst area. The average delta super(13)C value of 27 local plant samples, which belong to 16 families, was -32ppt and the weighted delta super(13)C for surface dry biomass was -33ppt. We found that for 54 soil samples collected from 5 soil profiles, delta super(13)C of soil organic matters was -22ppt, which could be attributed to the different transportation rates of stable carbon isotopes during the decomposition of plants and organic matters in soils. The relatively lighter super(12)C tended to transfer into gaseous CO sub(2), which made the relatively heavier super(13)C concentrated in the soils. On the basis of monitoring of DIC- delta super(13)C in drip waters from July 2009 to June 2010, we found that values in winter months were heavier and values in summer months were lighter in general, the reason of which was that in summer months, both the temperature and the humidity were comparatively higher, resulted in more CO sub(2) with lighter delta super(13)C generated from organic matters decomposition and plants respiration. The average DIC- delta super(13)C value was -11ppt, about 11ppt heavier than the delta super(13)C of organic matters in soils, which proved that part of DIC in cave drip water was sourced from dissolution of inorganic carbonate (host rock, with heavier delta super(13)C). As for the delta super(13)C of active deposits at five drip water sites in Furong cave, they had almost the same variation with relatively light values. In other words, these active speleothems were deposited at equilibrium conditions for isotopic fractionation. These results suggest that the carbon isotopic information of speleothems could be used to track the evolution of local vegetation in certain situations.