Strong flux pinning enhancement in YBa sub(2)Cu sub(3)O sub(7- x) films by embedded BaZrO sub(3) and BaTiO sub(3) nanoparticles

YBa sub(2)Cu sub(3)O sub(7-x) (YBCO) films with embedded BaZrO sub(3) and BaTiO sub(3) nanoparticles were fabricated by metalorganic deposition using trifluoroacetates (TFA-MOD). Both X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy revealed that these BaZrO sub(3) and BaTiO sub(3) nanoparticles had random orientations and were distributed stochastically in the YBCO matrix. The unique combined microstructure enhances the critical current density (J sub(c)) of the BaZrO sub(3)/BaTiO sub(3) doped-YBCO films, while keeping the critical transition temperature (T sub(c)) close to that in the pure YBCO films. These results indicate that BaZrO sub(3) and BaTiO sub(3) nanoparticles provide strong flux pinning in YBCO films.