Carperitide Increases the Need for Renal Replacement Therapy After Cardiovascular Surgery

Objectives Acute kidney injury is a common complication after aortic surgery. Carperitide, a human atrial natriuretic peptide, was reported to be effective for preventing acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. However, most studies were from single centers, and results of meta-analyses are subject to publication bias. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether carperitide preserved renal function in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Participating hospitals (N = 281) in a national database from 2010 to 2013. Participants Adult patients (N = 47,032) who underwent cardiovascular surgery. Interventions None. Measurements and Main Results The main intervention variable investigated was the use of carperitide on the day of surgery. Assessed outcomes included receiving renal replacement therapy within 21 days of surgery and in-hospital mortality. Data were available for 47,032 patients, of whom 2,186 (4.6%) received carperitide on the day of surgery. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that carperitide was significantly associated with a greater likelihood of receiving renal replacement therapy within 21 days of surgery, but not with in-hospital mortality. Conclusions In patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery, carperitide significantly increased the odds of receiving renal replacement therapy within 21 days after surgery.