Measurement of the void fraction of R-134a flowing through a horizontal tube

This experiment aims to measure the void fraction of R-134a refrigerant flowing through a horizontal tube, using a quick-closing valve and optical observation techniques. The tube is transparent, circular, 115mm long with an inside 8mm thick, and has two actuator ball valves installed at both ends. The experiment was conducted in conditions where vapor quality ranged from 1% to 82%, saturated temperature was from 23 to 30°C, and mass flux was from 644 to 1455kg/m2s. The results of the experiment indicate that raising the saturated temperature decreased the void fraction, whereas increasing mass flux had no significant effect on it. Moreover, results also show three flow regimes: intermittent, wavy, and annular. Each flow regime led to different predicted void fractions.