Comparative study of Euler and mixture models for turbulent flow of Al2O3 nanofluid inside a horizontal tube

In this paper, turbulent forced convective flow of water Al2O3 nanofluid, with particle diameter equal to 40nm in a horizontal circular tube, exposed to convection with saturated steam at the wall, is numerically analyzed. Two different approaches are taken into consideration: Euler and mixture models. It is comprehended that convective heat transfer coefficient enhances with increasing the particle volume concentration and Reynolds number. The two models almost showed the same results. However, mixture model was in a better agreement with experimental results for the estimation of average Nusselt number.