A Refined Integrated MAC and Routing Protocol with Quantification Algorithm to Mitigate Hotspot Problems in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is an interconnected connection of two or more sensor nodes. A typical sensor node can perform Sensing, Computing and Communication. The core objective of this paper is to mitigate or to reduce the impact of the Hotspot effect in WSN by using a refined integrated MAC and Routing protocol and a quantification algorithm. The authors are using a refined integrated MAC and routing protocol which divides the network into tiers. They also propose a quantification algorithm, which decides the optimum number of nodes in each tier to mitigate the hot-spot problem. The work is simulated in NS2. They simulated their work in NS2 and found that the proposed quantification algorithm along with Refined Integrated MAC and Routing Protocol outperforms SMAC in terms of network lifetime. The proposed protocol along with quantification algorithm increases the network life time and reduces the impact of the hotspot effect when compared with conventional protocols.