EGGR: Energy-aware and delivery Guarantee Geographic Routing protocol

Wireless Sensor Networks are a set of sensor nodes capable of detecting, measuring, and reporting information about the environment. Many routing protocols have been developed for WSNs. A great attention has been given to geographic routing protocols which rely only on local knowledge of nodes to disseminate data towards the final destination. In this paper, we propose a new energy efficient geographic routing protocol called Energy-aware and delivery Guarantee Geographic Routing protocol (EGGR) for wireless sensor networks. The proposed protocol EGGR, manages energy resources of nodes efficiently during data communication in the network by introducing a mechanism that tries to forward packets towards the shortest path in terms of energy consumption while privileging nodes with greater remaining energy and avoiding holes in the network to guarantee packets delivery. The shortest path between the source and the destination is calculated based only on local knowledge of sensor nodes (neighborhood). Our experimental results show that the proposed protocol EGGR reduces energy consumption and increases delivery rate between sensor nodes and the base station compared with other protocols.