The influence of sex on outcomes in trauma patients: a meta-analysis

Abstract Background This study aims to assess the influence of sex on outcomes among trauma patients, including injury severity, medical resource utility, complications, and mortality. Methods A systematic review of the literature was conducted by internet search. Data were extracted from selected studies and analyzed using Stata to compare outcomes between male and female injured patients. Results Eventually, 19 studies met our inclusion criteria with 100,566 men and 39,762 women. Pooled data revealed that male sex was associated with increased risk of mortality, hospital length of stay, and higher incidence of complications. No difference was detected in injury severity between male and female patients. Conclusion Evidence of this meta-analysis strongly supports the sex dimorphism in the prognosis of trauma patients and further work should be done to decipher potential mechanism.