Efficacy of Inactivated Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida Combined with Levan/Alum as Vaccine against Photobacteriosis in Cobia, Rachycentron canadum

Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (Phdp) is a major pathogen of cultured cobia (Rachycentron canadum), a primary target species for offshore cage culture in Taiwan. Serum antibody titers as well as efficiency and duration of protection against Phdp were evaluated following intraperitoneal administration of a candidate vaccine prepared with formalin‐inactivated whole cells in combination with levan/alum adjuvants. The results showed vaccinates delayed the disease onset and had significantly (P