Overview of Leachability of Heavy Metals Using Solidification/Stabilization Method Incorporated with Agricultural Wastes

The solidification/stabilization (S/S) is one of the effective methods that are used for the heavy metals treatment. It was known that one of the main issues of this method is that the heavy metal is stayed inside the matrices, not destroyed nor adsorbed, which may cause serious problems for the environment once the matrices would be crashed. Agricultural wastes have shown a great capacity to the heavy metal adsorption from solid and liquid wastes. This paper reviews the incorporation of the agricultural wastes as heavy metals’ adsorbents inside the matrices of the S/S method. In addition, changes in particle sizes, pre-treatment, temperature and other factors have also been discussed towards the heavy metal adsorption. Nevertheless, research regarding the incorporation of the agricultural wastes into the S/S method is very minimal, and almost all the previous researches were only focusing comprehensively on the leaching characteristics of the method.