Theory and design of two-dimensional high-contrast-grating phased arrays

Optical properties of two-dimensional (2D) high-contrast gratings are investigated. We analyze the mechanisms for high-contrast gratings to function as various high-performance optical components. Our top-down design procedure allows us to efficiently obtain initial structural parameters and engineer them for a wide range of applications, such as reflectors, filters, resonators, waveplates, and even 2D phase plates. Simulation results of our designed structures show ultra-high power efficiency, and excellent agreement with our predicted functionalities.