Blood Pressure Management in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

In patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), the coexistence of hypertension enhances the cardiovascular risk, and the prevention of future cardiovascular disease is an important component of T2DM management. Antihypertensive therapy has been shown to be an effective method of reducing the micro- and macrovascular complications of T2DM, however, the optimal target blood pressure (BP) levels are still under debate. Most of the international guidelines have raised the target clinic BP from 130/80 to 140/90 mmHg, however, the Japanese Society of Hypertension 2014 guidelines kept the target BP level at 130/80 mmHg. However, individualized BP-lowering treatments should be considered in patients with T2DM, especially in high-risk individuals such as those with a history of stroke or retinopathy, and aggressive antihypertensive therapy below 130 mmHg should be initiated even when the initial systolic BP level is