Neuropathologic features of antidipeptidyl-peptidase-like protein-6 antibody encephalitis

The role of antibodies against neuronal surface and synaptic proteins, which identify a group of encephalitides that usually improve with immunotherapy,[1] is not fully understood and neuropathology may help elucidate the immune mechanism involved.2,3 Recently, antibodies against dipeptidyl-peptidase-like protein-6 (DPPX), an auxiliary subunit of Kv4.2 potassium channels involved in signal transduction, were identified in 7 patients with encephalitis.4,5 We report the neuropathologic features of a new patient.