Acetylation of HMG I(Y) by CBP Turns off IFNβ Expression by Disrupting the Enhanceosome

The transcriptional coactivators CBP and P/CAF are required for activation of transcription from the IFNβ enhanceosome. We show that CBP and P/CAF acetylate HMG I(Y), the essential architectural component required for enhanceosome assembly, at distinct lysine residues, causing distinct effects on transcription. Thus, in the context of the enhanceosome, acetylation of HMG I by CBP, but not by P/CAF, leads to enhanceosome destabilization and disassembly. We demonstrate that acetylation of HMG I(Y) by CBP is essential for turning off IFNβ gene expression. Finally, we show that the acetyltransferase activities of CBP and P/CAF modulate both the strength of the transcriptional response and the kinetics of virus-dependent activation of the IFNβ gene.